催化作用
材料科学
烧结
石油化工
浸出(土壤学)
化学工程
多孔性
金属
多相催化
合理设计
纳米技术
冶金
化学
复合材料
有机化学
环境科学
工程类
土壤科学
土壤水分
作者
Kun Lu,Xiao Kong,Junmeng Cai,Shirui Yu,Xingguang Zhang
出处
期刊:Nanoscale
[Royal Society of Chemistry]
日期:2023-01-01
卷期号:15 (18): 8084-8109
被引量:13
摘要
Heterogeneous catalysts of supported metals are important for both liquid-phase and gas-phase chemical transformations which underpin the petrochemical sector and manufacture of bulk or fine chemicals and pharmaceuticals. Conventional supported metal catalysts (SMC) suffer from deactivation resulting from sintering, leaching, coking and so on. Besides the choice of active species (e.g. atoms, clusters, nanoparticles) to maximize catalytic performances, strategies to stabilize active species are imperative for rational design of catalysts, particularly for those catalysts that work under heated and corrosive reaction conditions. The complete encapsulation of metal active species within a matrix (e.g. zeolites, MOFs, carbon, etc.) or core-shell arrangements is popular. However, the use of partial/porous overlayers (PO) to preserve metals, which simultaneously ensures the accessibility of active sites through controlling the size/shape of diffusing reactants and products, has not been systematically reviewed. The present review identifies the key design principles for fabricating supported metal catalysts with partial/porous overlayers (SMCPO) and demonstrates their advantages versus conventional supported metals in catalytic reactions.
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