Comparison of Impact of Various Exercise Modalities on Parkinson’s Disease

Exercise is a critical non-pharmacological intervention for Parkinson's disease (PD); however, comparative evidence on the efficacy of different exercise modalities is limited. This study aimed to compare the effects of tai chi, strength training, yoga, and home-based exercises on motor in patients with Parkinson's disease (PD). In this multicenter, open-label, randomized clinical trial, 99 patients with PD were allocated to one of four exercise interventions: tai chi, strength training, yoga, or home-based exercises. Each intervention consisted of 12 weeks of supervised sessions, followed by 12 weeks of independent practice. The primary outcomes included the MDS-UPDRS Part III and timed up-and-go (TUG) test parameters. The secondary outcomes assessed included physical activity (SPPB and 6 MWT), balance (Mini-BEST), and freezing of gait (NFOGQ). Home exercise and tai chi demonstrated significant improvements in the MDS-UPDRS Part III scores over 24 weeks. 6 minutes walking test was improved by home exercises, tai chi, and MiniBest was enhanced by strength exercises and yoga. The total duration and forward movement of TUG and turning duration measuring by wearable sensor were markedly improved in yoga group. Our results support that various in adherence and outcomes of exercise have been observed in real-world setting even though effectiveness of exercise is well established. These findings highlighted the importance of tailoring exercise regimens considering individual patients in PD management.