A hybrid maximum power point tracking algorithm that uses the illumination and the temperature sensor in solar tracking systems

Solar panels are devices that can generate electrical energy directly from the solar irradiation. This devices are one of the renewable energy sources. Therefore, big solar plants are being created on the outskirts of cities. Micro solar plants are considered by developers last days. Solar panels which consist of few modules are positioned on the roofs of buildings. Sometimes to increase amount of energy generated by the solar panel, solar tracking systems are used. In highly urbanized places the partial shading can appear on the surface of the solar panel. This is an indeterministic phenomena which is observable especially if the solar tracker is used. Partial shading reduces power generated by the system and, in the worst cases, can damage the solar panel. Therefore, the bypass diodes connected with each module or even with some part of module are used. These diodes reduce the negative impact of partial shading but can cause appearance of the local maximum power points (LMPP) on the solar panel characteristics, and only one of them is the global maximum power point (GMPP). The regular maximum power point tracking (MPPT) algorithms can track only one of the local maximum power points that are close to the current working point.