光动力疗法
化学
细胞凋亡
线粒体
内源性凋亡
GPX4
癌症研究
细胞
程序性细胞死亡
过氧化脂质
细胞生物学
活性氧
生物化学
生物物理学
谷胱甘肽
脂质过氧化
半胱氨酸蛋白酶
生物
氧化应激
谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶
酶
有机化学
作者
Hao Yuan,Zhong Han,Yuncong Chen,Fen Qi,Hongbao Fang,Zijian Guo,Shuren Zhang,Weijiang He
标识
DOI:10.1002/anie.202014959
摘要
Abstract Limited therapeutic efficacy to hypoxic and refractory solid tumors has hindered the practical application of photodynamic therapy (PDT). Two new benzothiophenylisoquinoline (btiq)‐derived cyclometalated Ir III complexes, IrL1 and MitoIrL2 , were constructed as potent photosensitizers, with the latter being designed for mitochondria accumulation. Both complexes demonstrated a type I PDT process and caused photoinduced ferroptosis in tumor cells under hypoxia. This ferroptosis featured lipid peroxide accumulation, mitochondria shrinkage, down‐regulation of glutathione peroxidase 4 (GPX4), and ferrostatin‐1 (Fer‐1)‐inhibited cell death. Upon photoirradiation under hypoxia, mitochondria targeting MitoIrL2 caused mitochondria membrane potential (MMP) collapse, ATP production suppression, and induced cell apoptosis. The synergetic effect of ferroptosis and apoptosis causes MitoIrL2 to outperform IrL1 in inhibiting the growth of MCF‐7, PANC‐1, MDA‐MB‐231 cells and multicellular spheroids. This study demonstrates the first example of ferroptosis induced by photosensitizing Ir III complexes. Moreover, the synergism of ferroptosis and apoptosis provides a promising approach for combating hypoxic solid tumors through type I PDT processes.
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