The Effects of Direct Polymethyl Methacrylate and Zirconia-on–Ti-Base Abutments on Peri-implant Soft Tissue Integration: A Study in Minipigs

The present findings indicate that both di-rect PMMA and zirconia-on-Ti-base abutments seem to allow soft tissue integration similar to that of titanium and zirconia abutments. However, clinical studies are war-ranted to either confirm or refute the observed findings and to further investigate the influence of different materials on mucointegration.