Challenges in Transitioning from Industry 4.0 to Industry 5.0: A Multicriteria Analysis

In this study, we evaluate the transition from Industry 4.0 (I4.0) to Industry 5.0 (I5.0) using a multicriteria approach that integrates the Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) and Fuzzy Inference Systems (FISs). Key criteria identified through a comprehensive literature review include sustainability, human factors, resilience and organizational management, which are critical for the successful implementation of I5.0. AHP is utilized to rank these criteria and assign relative weights, reflecting their importance in the overall evaluation. FIS is employed to manage the inherent uncertainty and imprecision in decision-making within the context of I5.0. The results provide a holistic view of how companies navigate this transition, highlighting their strengths and weaknesses. This study offers valuable insights into the challenges and opportunities associated with adopting I5.0, emphasizing the utility of combining multicriteria approaches for strategic decision-making in dynamic industrial environments. These findings aim to support organizations in making informed decisions, fostering a more innovative, sustainable and human-centric industry. The combination of these methodologies provides a robust foundation for future research and practical applications in advancing I5.0.