A comprehensive review on poly(vinylidene fluoride) from a theoretical and multimodal applications perspective

Abstract With the fast paced development of electronic devices in the past few decades, self powered, biocompatible, flexible small but easy to fabricate devices are becoming more and more desirable. Poly(vinylidene fluoride) (PVDF) and its co‐polymers are being used to make such devices because those devices have those characters. In this study we presented brief history regarding piezoelectricity in general and piezoelectricity in PVDF and its copolymers in particular. We have discussed the theoretical understanding about the piezoelectric properties in these piezoelectric materials and the unsolved open questions. We have presented many different applications of PVDF and its copolymers. Here, we tried to cover all the dimensions of study around PVDF and its copolymers. The intention here is to help anyone who wants to work on this field with an overall brief map of this field. Highlights This is a comprehensive review on the topic. Historical development of this field of research is discussed. Theoretical developments and the unsolved open questions are also included. Some of the important applications of piezoelectric polymers like P(VDF‐HFP) are discussed. Future direction of research in this field is also indicated.