A novel inertial piezoelectric vibration absorber with negative stiffness for enhanced vibration suppression

This paper presents a novel inertial piezoelectric vibration absorber that integrates the negative stiffness of permanent magnets with the positive stiffness of piezoelectric materials, resulting in a more compact structure and enhanced performance by lowering the natural frequency. When integrated with active control techniques, the absorber effectively suppresses micrometer-scale vibrations on optical platforms. The kinematic equations of the active absorber are derived using a mathematical model of the piezoelectric force, while the equivalent magnetic charge method is employed to analyze the magnetic force and stiffness of rectangular magnets. The analysis reveals that the stiffness of the permanent magnets remains nearly linear under micrometer-level vibrations, and the combination of positive and negative stiffness effectively reduces the system’s natural frequency. Simulation studies evaluate the performance of PAT active control and passive vibration absorbers. A prototype was developed, and an active control experimental platform was constructed for verification. Experimental results confirm that adjusting the magnet spacing effectively tunes the natural frequency, improving performance within the operating range. Under PAT control, the absorber achieves excellent vibration suppression, consistent with theoretical predictions. This research offers valuable insights for the design and development of high-performance vibration suppression devices.