Resilient Unit Commitment for Transmission Lines Hardening Under Endogenous Uncertainties

This paper proposes a joint strategy of pre-disaster hardening for transmission lines and real-time dispatching for units to address the failures with endogenous uncertainties caused by hurricanes on transmission lines. Specifically, we delve into the resilient unit commitment (UC) problem, which is formulated as a two-stage robust optimization (TRO) problem with endogenous uncertainty. In the first stage, the generator states, outputs, reserves, and line reinforcement are pre-scheduled to minimize defense costs. The second stage adopts a recourse approach to quantify the worst-case failure scenario of the lines, reflected as the costs of load shedding and generator curtailment. The operating status of transmission lines is depicted by an endogenous uncertainty set which is affected by the line hardening decision and unit reserve decision in the first stage. The TRO model with endogenous uncertainty is solved using a modified column-and-constraint generation (C&CG) algorithm. The proposed model is tested on two reliability test systems (RTS), including a modified IEEE RTS-79 and a two-area IEEE RTS-96 exposed to a hurricane. The results verify the effectiveness of the proposed method, compared with the popular two-stage robust optimization method with endogenous uncertainty.