达普
磷酸二羟丙酮
二羟丙酮
mTORC1型
化学
激酶
分解代谢
糖酵解
生物化学
P70-S6激酶1
生物
氨基酸
细胞生物学
磷酸化
新陈代谢
酶
蛋白激酶B
甘油
作者
Jose M. Orozco,Patrycja Krawczyk,Sonia M. Scaria,Andrew L. Cangelosi,Sze Ham Chan,Tenzin Kunchok,Caroline A. Lewis,David M. Sabatini
标识
DOI:10.1038/s42255-020-0250-5
摘要
The mechanistic target of rapamycin complex 1 (mTORC1) kinase regulates cell growth by setting the balance between anabolic and catabolic processes. To be active, mTORC1 requires the environmental presence of amino acids and glucose. While a mechanistic understanding of amino acid sensing by mTORC1 is emerging, how glucose activates mTORC1 remains mysterious. Here, we used metabolically engineered human cells lacking the canonical energy sensor AMP-activated protein kinase to identify glucose-derived metabolites required to activate mTORC1 independent of energetic stress. We show that mTORC1 senses a metabolite downstream of the aldolase and upstream of the GAPDH-catalysed steps of glycolysis and pinpoint dihydroxyacetone phosphate (DHAP) as the key molecule. In cells expressing a triose kinase, the synthesis of DHAP from DHA is sufficient to activate mTORC1 even in the absence of glucose. DHAP is a precursor for lipid synthesis, a process under the control of mTORC1, which provides a potential rationale for the sensing of DHAP by mTORC1.
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