生命周期评估
三角褐指藻
二十碳五烯酸
环境科学
生物量(生态学)
环境影响评价
多不饱和脂肪酸
生物技术
制浆造纸工业
生产(经济)
工程类
脂肪酸
藻类
生物
生态学
经济
宏观经济学
生物化学
作者
Zihao Qin,Xiaomeng Hu,Jin-Hua Mou,Guanghui He,Guangbin Ye,Hong Li,Shauhrat S. Chopra,Liang Dong,Carol Sze Ki Lin,Xiang Wang
标识
DOI:10.1016/j.jclepro.2023.136477
摘要
Microalgae have attracted attention from various fields due to their potential ability to accumulate diverse value-added products, including polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs). Many approaches have been used to enhance the productivity of microalgae-based PUFAs, such as eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA), but in many cases, these have only focused on economic competitiveness. However, it is imperative to simultaneously quantify and optimize the associated environmental impact at an early stage to guide future developments and sustainable scale-up. This study conducted Life Cycle Assessments (LCA) along the technical advancements of laboratory-scale EPA production by Phaeodactylum tricornutum. Results indicated that technical advancements enhanced the environmental performance associated with EPA production. Among these, metabolic engineering led to the most significant reductions (93.48% and 93.45%) in terms of global warming potential and cumulative energy demand compared with the wild-type scenario due to elevated microalgal growth and EPA yield. Electricity consumption remained the dominant contributor to the associated environmental impact, followed by extraction solvents, especially chloroform. In terms of processes, cultivation of the microalgae and harvesting of the biomass accounted for the majority of the impact attributed to the long cultivation period and the energy-intensive processes such as freeze drying. As guided by the sensitivity analysis, future directions should focus on further increasing EPA productivity, adopting alternative cultivation approaches with less energy input, and recovering EPA via environmentally friendly methods.
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