Bimetallic Ni–Co-MOF Nanostructures for Seawater Electrolysis: Unveiling the Mechanism of the Oxygen Evolution Reaction Using Impedance Spectroscopy

Designing anode electrodes with long-term stability and efficiency for seawater electrolysis is crucial for addressing key challenges in sustainable hydrogen production and clean energy systems. Here, we developed self-supporting bimetallic Ni–Co-MOF electrodes, demonstrating exceptional performance and durability in alkaline seawater electrolysis due to their high voltammetric charge density and increased electrochemically accessible active sites. The reaction kinetics of the water oxidation reaction in the presence of Cl– ions (at concentrations ranging from 0.5 M to 3.5 M) were investigated through electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) analysis, focusing on the kinetic parameters, suggesting that the rate-determining step (RDS) is the chemical process following the initial electron transfer. Notably, Cl– ions in the electrolyte medium do not alter the OER rate-limiting step, as indicated by negligible variations in the anodic transfer coefficient values. However, blocking active sites is evident from the decrease in interfacial chemical capacitance (Cchem) values with increasing Cl– concentration. These findings offer a deeper understanding of OER reaction kinetics in chloride-containing environments by correlating electrochemical kinetic parameters with active site availability. This work highlights critical considerations for designing efficient and durable anodes for seawater electrolysis.