A comparison of respiratory event-related electroencephalographic activity in obstructive sleep apnoea aloneversusco-morbid insomnia and sleep apnoea

Obstructive Sleep Apnea (OSA) and insomnia are common sleep disorders. OSA is characterized by repetitive collapse of the upper airway during sleep, leading to electroencephalogram (EEG) disruptions [1, 2]. Insomnia is characterized by difficulty falling asleep, staying asleep, or waking up frequently and is commonly associated with a state of hyperarousal, reflected by a significant increase in EEG power during sleep and wakefulness (e.g., beta frequency band) [3]. OSA and insomnia occur together frequently; a systematic review found that 38% of OSA patients across 37 studies met insomnia criteria [4, 5].