Chloramphenicol

Chloramphenicol is a broad-spectrum antimicrobial agent. It acts by inhibiting protein synthesis. Its high lipid solubility results in rapid absorption, a large volume of distribution, and accelerated penetration into almost all tissues. Aplastic anemia and bone marrow suppression are chloramphenicol's most serious adverse effects in humans. Circulatory system collapse, also known as “gray baby syndrome” in newborn infants, is associated with high serum levels of chloramphenicol. Chloramphenicol is also associated with the development of optic neuritis, scotoma with failing vision, and cleft lip. Chloramphenicol is classified as FDA pregnancy category C and requires caution if used during gestation and lactation.