Simultaneous detection and removal of mercury (II) using multifunctional fluorescent materials

Environmental problems caused by mercury ions are increasing due to growing industrialization, poor enforcement, and inefficient pollutant treatment. Therefore, detecting and removing mercury from the ecological chain is of utmost significance. Currently, a wide range of small molecules and nanomaterials have made remarkable progress in the detection, detoxification, adsorption, and removal of mercury. In this review, we summarized the recent advances in the design and construction of multifunctional materials, detailed their sensing and removing mechanisms, and discussed with emphasis the advantages and disadvantages of different types of sensors. Finally, we elucidated the problems and challenges of current multifunctional materials and further pointed out the direction for the future development of related materials. This review is expected to provide a guideline for researchers to establish a robust strategy for the detection and removal of mercury ionsin the environment.