Single-cell and spatial transcriptome profiling identifies cellular heterogeneity and immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment in inflammatory breast cancer

Our findings reveal inherent heterogeneity within the "cold" tumor microenvironment of IBC. These factors collectively contribute to the immune suppression characteristic of IBC. Additionally, natural product screening identified sanguinarine and α-mangostin as promising immunomodulatory agents, offering potential therapeutic strategies to improve treatment outcomes.