Dynamic regulation of symbiotic signal perception in legumes

Frequent impacts on the Moon have changed the physical and chemical properties of the lunar regolith, with new materials deposited from the impact-induced vapor phase. Here, we combined nanoscale chemical and structural analysis to identify the mineral digenite (4Cu2S·CuS) in Chang’e-5 lunar soil. This is the first report of digenite in a lunar sample. The surface-correlated digenite phase is undifferentiated in distribution and compositionally distinct from its hosts, suggesting that it originated from vapor-phase deposition. The presence of an Al-rich impact glass bead suggests that a thermal effect provided by impact ejecta is the main heat source for the evaporation of Cu-S components from a cupriferous troilite precursor, and the digenite condensed from these Cu-S vapors. A large pure metallic iron (Fe0) particle and high Cu content within the studied Cu-Fe-S grain suggest that this grain was most likely derived from a highly differentiated and reduced melt.