Phytochemicals as Potential Inhibitors of Advanced Glycation End Products: Health Aspects and Patent Survey

糖基化 美拉德反应 氧化应激 医学 肥胖 类胡萝卜素 健康福利 化学 药理学 传统医学 生物化学 糖尿病 内科学 内分泌学
作者
Annayara Celestina Ferreira Fernandes,Jeane Bastos Melo,Vanize M. Genova,Ádina L. Santana,Gabriela Alves Macêdo
出处
期刊:Recent advances in food, nutrition and agriculture [Bentham Science]
卷期号:13 (1): 3-16 被引量:2
标识
DOI:10.2174/2212798412666210528130001
摘要

The glycation of proteins and lipids synthesizes the advanced glycation end products (AGEs), i.e., substances that irreversibly damage macromolecules present in tissues and organs, which contribute to the impairment of biological functions. For instance, the accumulation of AGEs induces oxidative stress, the inflammatory responses, and consequently the on set/worsening of diseases, including obesity, asthma, cognitive impairment, and cancer. There is a current demand on natural and low-cost sources of anti-AGE agents. As a result, food phytochemicals presented promising results to inhibit glycation and consequently, the formation of AGEs.Here we describe how the AGEs are present in food via Maillard reaction and in organs via natural aging, as well as the effects of AGEs on the worsening of diseases. Also we described the methods used to detect AGEs in samples, and the current findings on the use of phytochemicals (phenolic compounds, phytosterols, carotenoids, terpenes and vitamins) as natural therapeuticals to inhibit health damages via inhibition of AGEs in vitro and in vivo.This manuscript reviewed publications available in the PubMed and Science Direct databases dated from the last 20 years on the uses of phytochemicals for the inhibition of AGEs. Recent patents on the use of anti-AGEs drugs were reviewed with the use of Google Advanced Patents database.There is no consensus about which concentration of AGEs in blood serum should not be hazardous to the health of individuals. Food phytochemicals derived from agroindustry wastes, including peanut skins, and the bagasses derived from citrus and grapes are promising anti-AGEs agents via scavenging of free radicals, metal ions, the suppression of metabolic pathways that induces inflammation, the activation of pathways that promote antioxidant defense, and the blocking of AGE connection with the receptor for advanced glycation endproducts (RAGE).Phytochemicals derived from agroindustry are promising anti-AGEs, which can be included to replace synthetic drugs to inhibit AGE formation, and consequently to act as therapeutical strategy to prevent and treat diseases caused by AGEs, including diabetes, ovarian cancer, osteoporosis, and Alzheimer's disease.
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