Facile Synthesis of Energetic Nanoparticles of Copper Azide with High Initiation Ability for Micro-Initiator Applications Using Layered Copper Hydroxide

Copper azide (CA) is one of the preferred primary explosives in the micro-initiating device, and it is of conducive significance to develop high-content CA-modified materials. In this work, we reported two types of CA composites with CA nanorods embedded in carbon nanosheets (CA/C) and CA distributed on salicylic acid (CA/SA) using layered copper hydroxide nanosheets intercalated with salicylic acid as the precursor. The detailed characterizations demonstrated that CA/C exhibits eximious electrostatic sensitivity (1.06 mJ) due to the inherent structural characteristics of CA/C such as the limitation of the free movement of CA by the layered structure and preeminent electrical conductivity of carbon nanosheets. Surprisingly, CA/C with nearly 1.0 mg in the miro-initiating device can reliably detonate Hexanitrohexaazaisowurtzitane (CL-20). CA/C exhibits extremely high CA content (93%), excellent ignition ability, and detonation ability, and its performance is superior to pure CA and most CA-modified materials reported previously. CA/SA also has an excellent detonation ability and its electrostatic sensitivity is as low as 0.92 mJ. These findings provide a new perspective for the development of high-performance primary explosives for the micro-initiating device.