神经周围网
神经科学
兴奋性突触后电位
体感系统
抑制性突触后电位
生物
皮质(解剖学)
帕尔瓦布明
筒状皮质
突触可塑性
大脑皮层
中间神经元
神经可塑性
新皮层
生物化学
受体
作者
Gabrielle Devienne,Sandrine Picaud,Ivan Cohen,Juliette Piquet,Ludovic Tricoire,D. Testa,Ariel A. Di Nardo,Jean Rossier,Bruno Cauli,Bertrand Lambolez
标识
DOI:10.1523/jneurosci.0434-21.2021
摘要
Perineuronal net (PNN) accumulation around parvalbumin-expressing (PV) inhibitory interneurons marks the closure of critical periods of high plasticity, whereas PNN removal reinstates juvenile plasticity in the adult cortex. Using targeted chemogenetic in vivo approaches in the adult mouse visual cortex, we found that transient inhibition of PV interneurons, through metabotropic or ionotropic chemogenetic tools, induced PNN regression. Electroencephalographic recordings indicated that inhibition of PV interneurons did not elicit unbalanced network excitation. Likewise, inhibition of local excitatory neurons also induced PNN regression, whereas chemogenetic excitation of either PV or excitatory neurons did not reduce the PNN. We also observed that chemogenetically inhibited PV interneurons exhibited reduced PNN compared to their untransduced neighbors, and confirmed that single PV interneurons express multiple genes enabling individual regulation of their own PNN density. Our results indicate that PNN density is regulated in the adult cortex by local changes of network activity that can be triggered by modulation of PV interneurons. PNN regulation may provide adult cortical circuits with an activity-dependent mechanism to control their local remodeling.SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENTThe perineuronal net is an extracellular matrix, which accumulates around individual parvalbumin-expressing inhibitory neurons during postnatal development, and is seen as a barrier that prevents plasticity of neuronal circuits in the adult cerebral cortex. We found that transiently inhibiting parvalbumin-expressing or excitatory cortical neurons triggers a local decrease of perineuronal net density. Our results indicate that perineuronal nets are regulated in the adult cortex depending on the activity of local microcircuits. These findings uncover an activity-dependent mechanism by which adult cortical circuits may locally control their plasticity.
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