Electro-optical switch based on one-dimensional graphene-plasmonic crystals

Abstract In the present study, an electro-optical switch using one-dimensional plasmonic photonic crystals and bilayer graphene was demonstrated experimentally and theoretically. The optical modes of band gap in crystal can be tuned due to the unique optical properties of plasmonic surface resonance at grating and graphene layers. In addition, the excitation of the periodic arrays of metallic resulted in exciting plasmonic surface lattice resonance and creating two reflectance modes for magnetic polarization at 54° incidence angle. Further, the chemical potential of graphene was controlled by applying a gate voltage to achieve an optoelectronic switching operation. Applying voltage of 1 V led to a sharp increase in the relative permittivity of bilayer graphene around the first resonance. Thus, the light was absorbed, its intensity deceased, and the plasmonic resonance wavelength shifted by a value of ~9 nm. Based on the results, using this new kind of structures had advantages such as small size, low power consumption, easier fabrication, and less manufacturing cost, as well as the high controllability of conductivity compared to the other methods.