Crystal structure and dielectric properties of the Ca/Y co-substituted BaTiO3

Ba0.95Ca0.05Ti0.97Y0.04O3 solid solution has been fabricated by solid state method to investigate physical properties. The X-ray diffraction characterization at room temperature (RT) indicated that single-phase perovskite was obtained and no appreciable secondary phase was found. XRD analysis revealed that the desired main phase of our sample crystallizes in a cubic phase with (Pm 3¯ m) space group. The SEM image proves that the material is dense with high crystallinity and the particle size of the grains is 710 nm. The DC-conductivity enhances significantly with temperature confirmed that our sample has a semiconductor behavior. The electric modulus spectroscopy results discerned a thermally activated relaxation allocated to the phenomenon of space charge relaxation of the Maxwell-Wagner (M−W) type and the non Debye relaxation processes. The experimental results indicate that (ε) and the dissipation factor reduced along the rising in frequency. The demeanor observed can be clarified by extrinsic Maxwell-Wagner effects answerable for the electric conduction.