Measuring the Core Competency of Community Nurses for Public Health Emergencies: Instrument Development and Validation

ABSTRACT Aim To develop a comprehensive and psychometrically validated scale for evaluating the core competencies of community nurses for public health emergencies. Design A study of instrument development and validation was conducted. Methods A total of 1057 community nurses provided valid responses for this study conducted in Shanghai, China. Building upon previous study findings of the adapted core competency model and integrating the World Health Organisation's Framework for Action, this study was conducted in two phases. First, scale items were developed through systematic review, qualitative research, stakeholder meeting, and Delphi survey, refined with cognitive interviews to establish version 1.0 of the scale. Second, item analysis was performed with item‐total correlations, Cronbach's alpha, and exploratory factor analysis, resulting in version 2.0. The final scale was produced after assessing the validity (content validity, confirmatory factor analysis, known‐groups validity) and reliability (internal consistency, test–retest reliability). Results The final scale consisted of 47 items categorised into four competency factors: prevention, preparation, response, and recovery competency. Factor analysis results indicated adequate factor loadings, excellent model fit, and well‐established construct validity. The overall scale and its sub‐factors exhibited high internal consistency and good test–retest reliability. Conclusions The study presents a theoretically grounded and scientifically validated scale measuring the competencies that community nurses need for public health emergency response. Implications for the Profession This study enhances the theoretical framework of community nurses' core competencies in public health emergencies, provides a validated assessment tool, and clarifies their role in enhancing preparedness and effectiveness. Impact The study addressed the need for a standardised tool for assessing community nurse core competency for public health emergencies and will impact policy initiatives to enhance early prevention, emergency response, and integrated recovery practices in crisis management. Reporting Method Strengthening the Reporting of Observational studies in Epidemiology checklist. Patient or Public Contribution No Patient or Public Contribution.