Dolomitization and Limestone Diagenesis—An Introduction

In its broadest sense, diagenesis encompasses those natural changes which occur in sediments or sedimentary rocks between the time of initial deposition and the time-if ever-when the changes created by elevated temperature, or pressure, or by other conditions can be considered to have crossed the threshold into the realm of metamorphism. Deciphering the nature of diagenetic processes, and the time or times when they took place, is of critical importance for adequate geologic interpretation, whether these interpretations are directed toward academic or economic goals. Despite the significance of diagenesis, and despite appreciable effort which has been directed toward this subject, the diagenesis of many sedimentary rock s is but poorly understood. This is particularly true within the large and complex family of carbonate rocks. Diagenetic processes transform most carbonate sediments into rocks . In addition, however, extensive diagenetic modification may occur before or after lithification of the carbonate sediment.