纳米金刚石
生物传感器
材料科学
检出限
纳米技术
量子传感器
量子点
钻石
光电子学
量子
化学
物理
量子技术
色谱法
复合材料
开放量子系统
量子力学
作者
Benjamin S. Miller,Léonard Bezinge,Harriet D. Gliddon,Huang Da,Gavin Dold,Eleanor R. Gray,Judith Heaney,Peter J. Dobson,Eleni Nastouli,John J. L. Morton,Rachel A. McKendry
出处
期刊:Nature
[Springer Nature]
日期:2020-11-25
卷期号:587 (7835): 588-593
被引量:166
标识
DOI:10.1038/s41586-020-2917-1
摘要
The quantum spin properties of nitrogen-vacancy defects in diamond enable diverse applications in quantum computing and communications1. However, fluorescent nanodiamonds also have attractive properties for in vitro biosensing, including brightness2, low cost3 and selective manipulation of their emission4. Nanoparticle-based biosensors are essential for the early detection of disease, but they often lack the required sensitivity. Here we investigate fluorescent nanodiamonds as an ultrasensitive label for in vitro diagnostics, using a microwave field to modulate emission intensity5 and frequency-domain analysis6 to separate the signal from background autofluorescence7, which typically limits sensitivity. Focusing on the widely used, low-cost lateral flow format as an exemplar, we achieve a detection limit of 8.2 × 10-19 molar for a biotin-avidin model, 105 times more sensitive than that obtained using gold nanoparticles. Single-copy detection of HIV-1 RNA can be achieved with the addition of a 10-minute isothermal amplification step, and is further demonstrated using a clinical plasma sample with an extraction step. This ultrasensitive quantum diagnostics platform is applicable to numerous diagnostic test formats and diseases, and has the potential to transform early diagnosis of disease for the benefit of patients and populations.
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