化学
氯
氨
氯胺
激进的
羟基化
降级(电信)
反应性(心理学)
羟基自由基
无机化学
高级氧化法
水处理
核化学
环境化学
有机化学
催化作用
环境工程
酶
替代医学
病理
工程类
电信
医学
计算机科学
作者
Bei Ye,Ziye Liu,Zhu Xiao-qin,Hanjing Emily Wu,Zi-Fan Liang,Wenlong Wang,Qian-Yuan Wu,Hong-Ying Hu,Xinhao Zhang
标识
DOI:10.1016/j.cej.2021.128841
摘要
Chlorination is widely used for disinfection of water and wastewater. Ammonia/chlorine co-exposure can be easily achieved when ammonia is present in water. In this study, ammonia and chlorine showed synergistic effect on atrazine (ATZ) degradation. A degradation efficiency of 50.2% was obtained in 10 min with a Cl/N molar ratio of 1.6. By contrast, free chlorine and chloramines barely degraded ATZ. The synergistic effect involved formation of hydroxyl radicals (OH) and reactive chlorine species. The radical concentrations followed the order of ClO (4.8 × 10−13 M) > OH (4.1 × 10−13 M) > Cl (3.0 × 10−15 M). The dominant radical was OH (>80% contribution), followed by ClO (less than18% contribution), which had relatively lower reactivity with ATZ. The synergism was pH dependent, with OH largely suppressed by 98% when the pH was acidic or basic rather than neutral, resulting in a decrease in ATZ degradation. The transformation products detected indicated that ATZ degradation involved dealkylation and dechlorination–hydroxylation, and lower yields of oxidation byproducts were obtained by ammonia/chlorine synergistic oxidation process compared to direct chlorination.
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