汽车工业
储能
能量密度
电池(电)
限制
材料科学
汽车工程
纳米技术
工艺工程
工程物理
工程类
电气工程
机械工程
功率(物理)
航空航天工程
物理
量子力学
作者
Yuan‐Li Ding,Zachary P. Cano,Aiping Yu,Jun Lü,Zhongwei Chen
标识
DOI:10.1007/s41918-018-0022-z
摘要
Lithium-ion batteries (LIBs) are currently the most suitable energy storage device for powering electric vehicles (EVs) owing to their attractive properties including high energy efficiency, lack of memory effect, long cycle life, high energy density and high power density. These advantages allow them to be smaller and lighter than other conventional rechargeable batteries such as lead–acid batteries, nickel–cadmium batteries (Ni–Cd) and nickel–metal hydride batteries (Ni–MH). Modern EVs, however, still suffer from performance barriers (range, charging rate, lifetime, etc.) and technological barriers (high cost, safety, reliability, etc.), limiting their widespread adoption. Given these facts, this review sets the extensive market penetration of LIB-powered EVs as an ultimate objective and then discusses recent advances and challenges of electric automobiles, mainly focusing on critical element resources, present and future EV markets, and the cost and performance of LIBs. Finally, novel battery chemistries and technologies including high-energy electrode materials and all-solid-state batteries are also evaluated for their potential capabilities in next-generation long-range EVs.
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