医学
效应器
免疫球蛋白E
内型
药品
过敏
表型
环氧合酶
免疫学
精密医学
抗体
药理学
生物
哮喘
基因
病理
生物化学
酶
作者
Cristobalina Mayorga,Adriana Ariza-Veguillas,Rosa Muñoz‐Cano,Vito Sabato,Inmaculada Doña,María Torres
出处
期刊:Allergy
[Wiley]
日期:2023-11-10
被引量:1
摘要
Immediate drug hypersensitivity reactions (IDHRs) are a burden for patients and the health systems. This problem increases when taking into account that only a small proportion of patients initially labelled as allergic are finally confirmed after an allergological workup. The diverse nature of drugs involved will imply different interactions with the immunological system. Therefore, IDHRs can be produced by a wide array of mechanisms mediated by the drug interaction with specific antibodies or directly on effector target cells. These heterogeneous mechanisms imply an enhanced complexity for an accurate diagnosis and the identification of the phenotype and endotype at early stages of the reaction is of vital importance. Currently, several endophenotypic categories (type I IgE/non-IgE, cytokine release, Mast-related G-protein coupled receptor X2 (MRGPRX2) or Cyclooxygenase-1 (COX-1) inhibition and their associated biomarkers have been proposed. A precise knowledge of endotypes will permit to discriminate patients within the same phenotype, which is crucial in order to personalise diagnosis, future treatment and prevention to improve the patient's quality of life.
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