Harnessing Radiant Energies: A Review of Current Technologies of Infrared Nanoantennas and its Future Role in Transforming Buildings into Self-Sustaining Power Cells

The integration of infrared nanoantenna technology into architectural design presents a novel approach to enhancing buildings’ energy efficiency by converting ambient electromagnetic radiation, particularly in the infrared spectrum, into usable electrical power. This technology offers significant potential to reduce buildings’ reliance on external power sources, contributing to a more sustainable energy ecosystem. The development of advanced nanotechnology, metamaterials, and responsive coatings is essential for creating adaptive surfaces capable of capturing and utilizing radiant energy. Given the increasing global energy demand and the urgency to combat climate change, infrared nanoantennas represent a promising frontier in renewable energy harvesting. This paper provides a detailed examination of recent advancements in nanoantenna technology, fabrication methods, and integration strategies within building materials. Furthermore, it addresses the practical challenges of implementing these systems in architectural design, offering insights into how this emerging technology could contribute to the development of self-sustaining, energy-efficient structures.