细胞生物学
自噬
细胞质
细胞凋亡
运动性
生物
内皮干细胞
炎症
化学
细胞
DNA损伤
表型
DNA修复
失重
免疫学
生物化学
DNA
体外
基因
天文
物理
作者
Ivana Barravecchia,Chiara De Cesari,Mattia Forcato,Francesca Scebba,Olga V. Pyankova,Joanna M. Bridger,Helen A. Foster,Giovanni Signore,Andrea Borghini,Maria Grazia Andreassi,Massimiliano Andreazzoli,Silvio Bicciato,Mario Enrico Pè,Debora Angeloni
标识
DOI:10.1007/s00018-021-04025-z
摘要
Microgravity and space radiation (SR) are two highly influential factors affecting humans in space flight (SF). Many health problems reported by astronauts derive from endothelial dysfunction and impaired homeostasis. Here, we describe the adaptive response of human, capillary endothelial cells to SF. Reference samples on the ground and at 1g onboard permitted discrimination between the contribution of microgravity and SR within the combined responses to SF. Cell softening and reduced motility occurred in SF cells, with a loss of actin stress fibers and a broader distribution of microtubules and intermediate filaments within the cytoplasm than in control cells. Furthermore, in space the number of primary cilia per cell increased and DNA repair mechanisms were found to be activated. Transcriptomics revealed the opposing effects of microgravity from SR for specific molecular pathways: SR, unlike microgravity, stimulated pathways for endothelial activation, such as hypoxia and inflammation, DNA repair and apoptosis, inhibiting autophagic flux and promoting an aged-like phenotype. Conversely, microgravity, unlike SR, activated pathways for metabolism and a pro-proliferative phenotype. Therefore, we suggest microgravity and SR should be considered separately to tailor effective countermeasures to protect astronauts' health.
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