免疫学
自身免疫
免疫系统
免疫抑制
免疫耐受
生物
获得性免疫系统
自我容忍
抗原
免疫
作者
T. K. Goswami,Mithilesh Singh,Manish Dhawan,Saikat Mitra,Talha Bin Emran,Ali A. Rabaan,Abbas Al Mutair,Zainab Al Alawi,Saad Alhumaid,Kuldeep Dhama
标识
DOI:10.1080/21645515.2022.2035117
摘要
Autoimmune diseases are caused when immune cells act against self-protein. This biological self–non-self-discrimination phenomenon is controlled by a distinct group of lymphocytes known as regulatory T cells (Tregs), which are key inflammatory response regulators and play a pivotal role in immune tolerance and homeostasis. Treg-mediated robust immunosuppression provides self-tolerance and protection against autoimmune diseases. However, once this system fails to operate or poorly operate, it leads to an extreme situation where immune system reacts against self-antigens and destroys host organs, thus causing autoimmune diseases. Tregs can target both innate and adaptive immunity via modulating multiple immune cells such as neutrophils, monocytes, antigen-presenting cells, B cells, and T cells. This review highlights the Treg-mediated immunosuppression, role of several markers and their interplay during Treg development and differentiation, and advances in therapeutic aspects of Treg cells to reduce severity of autoimmunity-related conditions along with emphasizing limitations and challenges of their usages.
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