环境科学
自行车
生态系统
营养循环
灌木
营养物
生物地球化学循环
生物量(生态学)
生态学
氮气循环
气候变化
植物群落
陆地生态系统
农学
生态演替
生物
氮气
化学
考古
历史
有机化学
作者
Arthur A. D. Broadbent,Lindsay K. Newbold,William J. Pritchard,Antonios Michas,Tim Goodall,Irene Cordero,Andrew D. Giunta,Helen S. K. Snell,Violette V. L. H. Pepper,Helen Grant,David X. Soto,Rüdiger Kaufmann,Michael Schloter,Robert I. Griffiths,Michael Bahn,Richard D. Bardgett
摘要
The seasonal coupling of plant and soil microbial nutrient demands is crucial for efficient ecosystem nutrient cycling and plant production, especially in strongly seasonal alpine ecosystems. Yet, how these seasonal nutrient cycling processes are modified by climate change and what the consequences are for nutrient loss and retention in alpine ecosystems remain unclear. Here, we explored how two pervasive climate change factors, reduced snow cover and shrub expansion, interactively modify the seasonal coupling of plant and soil microbial nitrogen (N) cycling in alpine grasslands, which are warming at double the rate of the global average. We found that the combination of reduced snow cover and shrub expansion disrupted the seasonal coupling of plant and soil N-cycling, with pronounced effects in spring (shortly after snow melt) and autumn (at the onset of plant senescence). In combination, both climate change factors decreased plant organic N-uptake by 70% and 82%, soil microbial biomass N by 19% and 38% and increased soil denitrifier abundances by 253% and 136% in spring and autumn, respectively. Shrub expansion also individually modified the seasonality of soil microbial community composition and stoichiometry towards more N-limited conditions and slower nutrient cycling in spring and autumn. In winter, snow removal markedly reduced the fungal:bacterial biomass ratio, soil N pools and shifted bacterial community composition. Taken together, our findings suggest that interactions between climate change factors can disrupt the temporal coupling of plant and soil microbial N-cycling processes in alpine grasslands. This could diminish the capacity of these globally widespread alpine ecosystems to retain N and support plant productivity under future climate change.
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