Investigation of Cell-to-cell Transfer of Polystyrene Microplastics Through Extracellular Vesicle-mediated Communication

Plastics have become an integral part of human life, and their production is increasing annually. Plastics are broken down into small particles known as microplastics (MPs) with particle size of < 5 mm in the environment because of a variety of factors. MPs are prevalent in the environment and all living organisms are exposed to their effects. In this study, we investigated whether polystyrene (PS)-MPs were transferred from cell-to-cell via extracellular vesicles (EVs). This study showed that cell-derived EVs could transport plastic particles. In addition, using a real-time imaging device, we confirmed that PS-MPs were transported by EVs that accumulated in the cells. This study provides an understanding of the potential effects of PS-MPs on living organisms via EVs and suggests directions for future research.