[Therapeutic Relevance of Human Microbiota and Lung Cancer].

The human microbiome is closely related to human health status. Disruption of the symbiotic balance of the human microbiome is commonly found in systematic diseases such as diabetes, obesity, and chronic gastric diseases. The human microbiome confers benefits or disease susceptibility to the human body through multiple pathways, associated with approximately 20% of malignancies. The incidence and mortality of lung cancer (LC) in men in China are the highest among all malignancies, which is a serious threat to human health. Emerging evidence has suggested that the human microbiota may be closely related to lung cancer at multiple levels, e.g., by affecting metabolic, inflammatory, or immune pathways. At the same time, the human microbiota affects the efficacy of lung cancer on chemoradiotherapy, gene therapy, immunotherapy and other treatments. Immunotherapy is a promising method for the treatment of malignancies such as lung cancer, but the efficacy of immune checkpoint inhibitors in patients is heterogeneous. Preclinical studies based on lung cancer cell lines suggest that the intestinal microbiota can modulate responses to anti--PD-1 therapy through interactions with the host immune system. But for lung cancer patients, whether the intestinal flora can still regulate immunotherapy remains controversial. In this mini-review, we summarize current research findings describing therapeutic relevance of human microbiota and lung cancer. A better knowledge of the interplay between the human microbiome and lung cancer may promote the development of innovative strategies for prevention and personalized treatment in lung cancer.【中文题目：人体菌群与肺癌的治疗相关性】 【中文摘要：人体菌群与人类健康状态密切相关，如人体菌群的失调可能导致糖尿病、胃肠道疾病、肥胖等疾病的发生。人体内微生物与约20%的恶性肿瘤有关，肺癌（lung cancer, LC）是目前最为常见的恶性肿瘤之一，我国男性LC发病率及死亡率高居所有恶性肿瘤之首。近来研究表明，人体菌群可能通过代谢、炎症或免疫等途径影响着LC的发生，同时影响LC对放化疗、基因治疗、免疫治疗等治疗方法的疗效，如免疫治疗，是用于治疗LC的一种极有前景的手段，但不同患者从中获益不一，包含以肺癌细胞株的实验表明肠道微生物群可通过与宿主免疫系统的相互作用调节对免疫治疗的反应。但针对肺癌患者，肠道菌群是否仍能对免疫治疗进行调节仍存在争议。本文就人体菌群与LC的治疗相关性的近来研究进展进行综述。 】 【中文关键词：肺肿瘤；人体菌群；化疗；放疗；基因治疗；免疫治疗】.