Theoretical-based Training Programs in Disaster Nursing: A Systematic Review

Abstract Objectives This systematic review aims to identify the theoretical-based frameworks and content of disaster training programs for nurses worldwide. Methods This systematic review was conducted following the PRISMA guidelines across 5 databases: Web of Science, PubMed, CINAHL, Cochrane, and Google Scholar. Studies were selected on disaster training programs for nurses and published within the past decade. Results This systematic review analyzed 14 studies that utilized a variety of theoretical-based disaster nursing training programs. Among the theoretical frameworks identified, the International Council of Nurses (ICN) framework emerged as the most frequently applied, likely due to its global applicability and comprehensive approach in disaster training programs. In contrast, other frameworks—such as the Bioterrorism Guidelines and Infectious Disease Response Guidelines from the Korea Disease Control and Prevention Agency, the Malkina-Pykh Mixed Model, the World Health Organization (WHO) framework, and the National League for Nurses/Laerdal Simulation Model, and others—were each used only once. Conclusions These findings suggest the ICN framework’s potential to serve as a leading model for the development of future disaster training programs. Achieving an optimal balance of theory, practice, and evidence-based content is crucial for preparing nurses to respond effectively to disasters.