Effect on Extrapulmonary Sepsis‐Induced Acute Lung Injury by Hemoperfusion With Neutral Microporous Resin Column

Abstract The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of neutral microporous resin hemoperfusion on oxygenation improvement, removal of inflammatory cytokines in plasma and bronchoalveolar lavage, and mortality in acute lung injury induced by extrapulmonary sepsis. Forty‐six patients with acute lung injury induced by extrapulmonary sepsis were randomized to HA type hemoperfusion treatment ( N = 25) or standard therapy ( N = 21). Those undergoing hemoperfusion treatment received HA330 hemoperfusion. We measured the plasma and bronchoalveolar lavage concentrations of TNF‐α and IL‐1, and the following parameters were compared between the control group and the hemoperfusion group on days 0, 3 and 7: lung injury measurements (arterial oxygen tension/fractional inspired oxygen ratio, lung injury score, chest X‐ray score); interstitial edema of lung (extravascular lung water). Duration of mechanical ventilation, hospital, 28‐day, and intensive care unit mortality were also observed. Patients treated with HA hemoperfusion showed a significant removal of plasma and bronchoalveolar lavage TNF‐α and IL‐1 over time while in the study. Patients in the HA group also demonstrated not only significant improvement of PaO 2 /FiO 2 , but also decreased Lung Injury Score and chest X‐ray score at days 3 and 7. Furthermore, the measurements of the arterial oxygen tension/fractional inspired oxygen ratio, lung injury score and extravascular lung water (EVLWI) significantly correlated with and the concentration of cytokines in the plasma (all P < 0.05). The HA hemoperfusion treatment group had a significant reduction in duration of mechanical ventilation, length of intensive care unit stay, and intensive care unit mortality. Significant removal of inflammatory cytokines from circulation and lung by hemoperfusion treatment using the HA type cartridge may contribute to the improvement of lung injury and intensive care unit outcome in extrapulmonary septic patients.