Pathophysiology of Reno-Ureteral Colic

<i>Introduction:</i> Reno-ureteral colic presents with a complex of acute symptoms that usually indicate the presence of a stone in the collecting system, The aim of any treatment is pain relief, stone removal and preservation of kidney function. We focused our review on the pathophysiological aspects of reno-ureteral colic and, briefly, on its treatment. <i>Materials and Methods:</i> A complete overview of contemporary literature regarding renoureteral colic was performed by using MEDLINE and website on-line publications like EAU Guidelines. <i>Results:</i> Clinical presentation of renoureteral colic, of mechanisms of ureteral peristalsis and pathophysiology of renal colic is described. An overview of the available medical treatments is presented. <i>Conclusions:</i> An accurate comprehension of the pathophysiology of reno-ureteral colic allows the physician to tailor the best treatment for each patient.