德拉姆
计算机科学
内存控制器
动态随机存取存储器
嵌入式系统
操作系统
作者
Michael Jaemin Kim,Jaehyun Park,Yeonhong Park,Wanju Doh,Namhoon Kim,Tae Jun Ham,Jae W. Lee,Jung Ho Ahn
出处
期刊:arXiv: Cryptography and Security
日期:2022-04-01
被引量:1
标识
DOI:10.1109/hpca53966.2022.00088
摘要
Since its public introduction in the mid-2010s, the Row Hammer (RH) phenomenon has drawn significant attention from the research community due to its security implications. Although many RH-protection schemes have been proposed by processor vendors, DRAM manufacturers, and academia, they still have shortcomings. Solutions implemented in the memory controller (MC) incur increasingly higher costs due to their conservative design for the worst case in terms of the number of DRAM banks and RH threshold to support. Meanwhile, DRAM-side implementation either has a limited time margin for RH-protection measures or requires extensive modifications to the standard DRAM interface. Recently, a new command for RH-protection has been introduced in the DDR5/LPDDR5 standards, referred to as refresh management (RFM). RFM enables the separation of the tasks for RH-protection to both MC and DRAM by having the former generate an RFM command at a specific activation frequency and the latter take proper RH-protection measures within a given time window. Although promising, no existing study presents and analyzes RFM-based solutions for RH-protection. In this paper, we propose Mithril, the first RFM interface-compatible, DRAM-MC cooperative RH-protection scheme providing deterministic protection guarantees. Mithril has minimal energy overheads for common use cases without adversarial memory access patterns. We also introduce Mithril+, an optional extension to provide minimal performance overheads at the expense of a tiny modification to the MC, while utilizing existing DRAM commands.
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