材料科学
阳极
介孔材料
纳米棒
化学工程
电极
纳米技术
钠离子电池
石墨烯
纳米晶
透射电子显微镜
法拉第效率
催化作用
化学
生物化学
物理化学
工程类
作者
Shaozhuan Huang,Yan Li,Song Chen,Ye Wang,Zhouhao Wang,Shuang Fan,Daohong Zhang,Hui Ying Yang
标识
DOI:10.1016/j.ensm.2020.06.039
摘要
Long-term cycling stability and high-rate capability have been the major challenges of sodium-ion batteries (SIBs) due to the uncontrollable electrode breathing including huge volume swelling/shrinking and serious ionic/electronic disconnection. Herein an efficient anode material consisting of mesoporous iron-sulfide (Fe0.95S1.05) combined with carbon/graphene double encapsulation (Fe0.95S1.05@C-rGO) is developed to effectively regulate the electrode breathing and realize durable and fast sodium storage. The mesoporous structure combined with double-carbon protection provides complete ionic/electronic circuits and robust structures that enable fast and durable electron/Na+ access to each of Fe0.95S1.05 nanocrystal. In situ transmission electron microscopy measurement reveals the structural evolution with reversible mesopores disappearance/recovery and small volume swelling/shrinking upon the sodiation/desodiation. As a consequence, the Fe0.95S1.05@C-rGO electrode delivers a high specific capacity (567.6 mAh g-1 at 100 mA g-1), excellent rate performance (323.5 mAh g-1 at 5000 mA g-1) and ultralong cycle life (more than 1700 cycles with 0.015% capacity decay per cycle). In situ X-ray diffraction and selected area electron diffraction patterns unveil that the Fe0.95S1.05@C-rGO electrode is based on a reversible conversion reaction. Moreover, a Fe0.95S1.05@C-rGO||Na3V2(PO4)3/C full battery is demonstrated, which delivers stable cycling (482.8 mAh g-1 at 500 mAh g-1) and excellent rate capability (445.9 mAh g-1 at 5000 mA g-1).
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