开菲尔
化学
保健品
发酵
乳酸
食品科学
发酵乳制品
质谱法
醋酸
生物化学
细菌
色谱法
生物
遗传学
作者
Giuseppe Santini,Francesca Bonazza,Stefania Pucciarelli,Paolo Polidori,Massimo Ricciutelli,Yulia Klimanova,Stefania Silvi,Valeria Polzonetti,Silvia Vincenzetti
摘要
Abstract Kefir is a type of fermented milk obtained thanks to the introduction of “kefir grains” in mammalian milk. Kefir grains consist of lactic and acetic acid bacteria and yeasts in alternative proportions that are held together by a matrix of complex sugars known as “kefiran.” Thanks to the fermentative process, the kefir milk is rich in nutraceutical substances such as amino acids, vitamins, and mineral salts. The most valuable compounds of kefir fermentation are mainly lactic acid, exopolysaccharides, and bioactive peptides, the resulting products of proteolytic release from milk proteins (caseins and whey proteins). Among the nutraceutical properties of kefir are antimicrobial and antitumor activity, immunomodulating effect, and cholesterol‐lowering effect. Therefore, in light of these intriguing properties of kefir milk, in this work, a proteomic analysis, by two‐dimensional electrophoresis followed by mass spectrometry, has been performed. As a result, milk‐derived polypeptides were identified in commercial kefir milk from organic farming. In particular, polypeptides deriving from κ‐, α s1 ‐, and α s2 ‐caseins that may have potentially beneficial effects on human health have been detected.
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