聚酰胺
膜
聚砜
界面聚合
材料科学
化学工程
反渗透
树枝状大分子
高分子化学
纳滤
聚合物
化学
单体
复合材料
生物化学
工程类
作者
Bingbing Yuan,Shengchao Zhao,Ping Hu,Junyan Cui,Q. Jason Niu
标识
DOI:10.1038/s41467-020-19809-3
摘要
Abstract Tailor-made structure and morphology are critical to the highly permeable and selective polyamide membranes used for water purification. Here we report an asymmetric polyamide nanofilm having a two-layer structure, in which the lower is a spherical polyamide dendrimer porous layer, and the upper is a polyamide dense layer with highly ordered nanovoids structure. The dendrimer porous layer was covalently assembled in situ on the surface of the polysulfone (PSF) support by a diazotization-coupling reaction, and then the asymmetric polyamide nanofilm with highly ordered hollow nanostrips structure was formed by interfacial polymerization (IP) thereon. Tuning the number of the spherical dendrimer porous layers and IP time enabled control of the nanostrips morphology in the polyamide nanofilm. The asymmetric polyamide membrane exhibits a water flux of 3.7−4.3 times that of the traditional monolayer polyamide membrane, showing an improved divalent salt rejection rate (more than 99%), which thus surpasses the upper bound line of the permeability−selectivity performance of the existing various structural polyamide membranes. We estimate that this work might inspire the preparation of highly permeable and selective reverse osmosis (RO), organic solvent nanofiltration (OSNF) and pervaporation (PV) membranes.
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