Ultrasensitive and stable determination of lead ions by a glassy carbon electrode modified with a phenanthroline-based electropolymerized film

A novel electro-active compound, 3,8-bis(9,9-bis(6-(9H-carbazol-9-yl)hexyl)-9H-fluoren-2-yl)-1,10-phenanthroline (TCFC), is used to modify a glassy carbon electrode (GCE) for the electrochemical detection of Pb²⁺.