Perspiration permeable, textile embeddable microfluidic sweat sensor

Epidermal microfluidic devices are continuously being developed for efficient sweat collection and sweat rate detection. However, most microfluidic designs ignore the use of airtight/adhesive substrate will block the natural perspiration of the covered sweat pores, which will seriously affect normal sweat production and long-term wearable comfort. Herein, we present a Janus textile-embedded microfluidic sensor platform with high breathability and directional sweat permeability for synchronous sweat rate and total electrolyte concentration detection. The device consists of a hollowed-out serpentine microchannel with interdigital electrodes and Janus textile. The dual-mode signal of the sweat rate (0.2-4.0 μL min^-1) and total ionic charge concentration (10-200 mmol L^-1) can be obtained synchronously by decoupling conductance step signals generated when sweat flows through alternating interdigitated spokes at equal intervals in the microchannel. Meanwhile, the hollowed-out microchannel structure significantly reduces the coverage area of the sensor on the skin, and the Janus textile-embedded device ensures a comfortable skin/device interface (fewer sweat pores are blocked) and improves breathability (503.15 g m^-2 d^-1) and sweat permeability (directional liquid transportation) during long-term monitoring. This device is washable and reusable, which shows the potential to integrate with clothing and smart textile, and thus facilitate the practicality of wearable sweat sensors for personalized healthcare.