变质塑性
神经科学
神经可塑性
心理学
刺激
脑刺激
突触可塑性
稳态可塑性
突触后电位
医学
内科学
受体
作者
Florian Müller-Dahlhaus,Ulf Ziemann
标识
DOI:10.1177/1073858414526645
摘要
Metaplasticity refers to the modification of plasticity induction (direction, magnitude, duration) by previous activity of the same postsynaptic neuron or neuronal network. In recent years evidence from animal studies has been accumulated that metaplasticity significantly contributes to network function and behavior. Here, we review the evidence for metaplasticity at the system level of the human cortex as investigated by non-invasive brain stimulation. These studies support the notion that metaplasticity is also operative in the human brain and is mostly homeostatic in nature, that is, keeping network activity within a physiological range. However, non-homeostatic metaplasticity has also been described, which can increase non-invasive brain stimulation–induced aftereffects on cortical excitability, or learning. Current evidence further suggests that aberrant metaplasticity may underlie some neurological and psychiatric diseases. Finally, first proof-of-principle studies show that the concept of metaplasticity can be harnessed for treatment of patients suffering from brain diseases.
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