Multiphase hybrid model and thermal insulation simulation of elytra-mimetic ceramic fiber aerogel

In our previous work, the coaxial electrostatic spinning method was applied to construct nanofiber/SiBCN ceramic aerogel with an elytra-mimetic structure. The material presented excellent mechanical, insulation, oxidation resistance, and other properties. Based on preliminary experiments and literature reports, the integrated heat transfer behavior of nanofiber/SiBCN composite ceramic aerogels in high-temperature environments was affected by several factors, such as coaxial fiber size properties, fiber particle content, interactions, and spatial distribution. Moreover, the above factors overlapped and interacted with each other, and it was hard to generalize a clear law of action through traditional experiments and characterization. Therefore, the paper constructed a representative volume unit (RVE) model based on the complex spatial distribution characteristics of composite aerogels, using fractal theory, Rosseland equation theory, and multiphase model theory. This paper investigated the fiber and particle content, the size characteristics of the coaxial fibers, and the overall heat transfer process in high-temperature environments using the finite element method. The finite element simulated the effective thermal conductivity of multiphase aerogel composites under multiple parameters, such as fiber occupancy, fiber core-shell diameter ratio, temperature, and heat transfer mode. We obtained the property parameters of the complex composition of the material through fractal theory. The model was combined with finite elements to study the fiber particle content, the size characteristics of coaxial fibers, and the integrated heat transfer process in high-temperature environments. The fibers improved the absorption and reflection of thermal radiation with increasing fiber mass fraction, leading to improved ability of ceramic fiber aerogel to extinguish light. The fibers had a larger area to absorb and reflect thermal radiation. Based on the excellent extinction ability of SiC fibers, the composite ceramic aerogel had improved thermal performance at a specifically fiber-to-shell diameter ratio through a comprehensive multifactor simulation analysis.