MOFs-based S-scheme heterojunction photocatalysts

Metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) are a type of porous crystalline material characterized by unique features such as high surface area, structural diversity, and surface characteristics of pores. However, the photocatalytic performance of single MOF is still unable to meet industrial requirements. Therefore, combining MOFs with other materials to construct heterojunction structures is one important technique to improving photocatalytic efficiency. Especially in recent years, the novel S-scheme heterojunction structure can not only greatly improve the problem of carrier recombination but also maintain a high redox potential, thus further enhancing the performance of photocatalysts. However, few reviews have been reported on the construction of S-scheme heterojunctions based on MOFs at present. Therefore, in order to better understand its construction methods and catalytic mechanisms, this work summarizes the structure and properties of MOFs in photocatalysis. Furthermore, the catalytic mechanism, deficiencies, and issues of constructing type-II and Z-scheme heterojunctions by combining MOFs with other semiconductor materials are introduced. The S-scheme heterojunction is proposed, and its reaction mechanism and charge transfer model are summarized. Afterwards, the work summarizes current research progress and provided examples of the application of MOFs-based S-scheme heterojunction. Finally, the current challenges faced by MOFs-based S-scheme heterojunction are presented, and the future research directions are discussed.