Stains: A novel therapy thought in myocardial ischemia reperfusion injury other than lipid lowering

We have read an interesting paper titled “The cardioprotection of simvastatin in reperfused swine hearts relates to the inhibition of myocardial edema by modulating aquaporins via the PKA pathway” written by Xiang-Dong Li and his colleagues [ [1] Li X.D. Yang Y.J. Geng Y.J. et al. The cardioprotection of simvastatin in reperfused swine hearts relates to the inhibition of myocardial edema by modulating aquaporins via the PKA pathway. Int. J. Cardiol. 2013; 167: 2657-2666 Abstract Full Text Full Text PDF PubMed Scopus (24) Google Scholar ]. They investigated the effects of statins against ischemia and reperfusion in the aspects of myocardial edema reduction in swine hearts. It is well-known that statins therapy provided widespread beneficial effects related to both its lipid lowering and non-lipid lowering effects on the cardiovascular system. The cardioprotective effects of statins may be ascribed to their diversity role of non-lipid lowering function, including improvement of endothelial function, reduction of oxidative stress, suppression of platelet adhesion, and promotion of atherosclerotic plaque stability [ [2] Ludman A. Venugopal V. Yellon D.M. et al. Statins and cardioprotection—more than just lipid lowering?. Pharmacol. Ther. 2009; 122: 30-43 Crossref PubMed Scopus (152) Google Scholar ]. There are large numbers clinical trials have established to investigate the role of statins in ischemia-reperfusion injury in the patient underwent percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) [ 3 Jiang F. Yang J. Zhang L. et al. Rosuvastatin reduces ischemia-reperfusion injury in patients with acute coronary syndrome treated with percutaneous coronary intervention. Clin. Cardiol. 2014; 37: 530-535 PubMed Google Scholar , 4 Liang D. Zhang Q. Yang H. et al. Anti-oxidative stress effect of loading-dose rosuvastatin prior to percutaneous coronary intervention in patients with acute coronary syndrome: a prospective randomized controlled clinical trial. Clin. Drug Investig. 2014; 34: 773-781 Crossref PubMed Scopus (12) Google Scholar ]. Statin treatment was associated with lower in-hospital mortality in AMI patients underwent primary PCI through inhibition of oxidative stress [ 3 Jiang F. Yang J. Zhang L. et al. Rosuvastatin reduces ischemia-reperfusion injury in patients with acute coronary syndrome treated with percutaneous coronary intervention. Clin. Cardiol. 2014; 37: 530-535 PubMed Google Scholar , 4 Liang D. Zhang Q. Yang H. et al. Anti-oxidative stress effect of loading-dose rosuvastatin prior to percutaneous coronary intervention in patients with acute coronary syndrome: a prospective randomized controlled clinical trial. Clin. Drug Investig. 2014; 34: 773-781 Crossref PubMed Scopus (12) Google Scholar ]. Another clinical trial demonstrated that statin therapy could promptly increase endothelial progenitor cells (EPCs) mobilization, result in cardioprotection [ [5] Ricottini E. Madonna R. Grieco D. et al. Effect of high-dose atorvastatin reload on the release of endothelial progenitor cells in patients on long-term statin treatment who underwent percutaneous coronary intervention (from the ARMYDA-EPC study). Am. J. Cardiol. 2016; 117: 165-171 Abstract Full Text Full Text PDF PubMed Scopus (22) Google Scholar ]. Besides, according to the previous animal experiment, eNOS-dependent manner was regarded as the crucial mechanism of statin induced cardioprotection. In addition to the oxidative stress induced injury mentioned above, our research focus on the effect of stains on myocardial ischemia/reperfusion-induced endoplasmic reticulum stress (ERS). Statins pretreatment exerts a beneficial efficacy in myocardial ischemia reperfusion, hence standardized the stains administration before PCI among ACS patients will improve the clinical benefit. The cardioprotection of simvastatin in reperfused swine hearts relates to the inhibition of myocardial edema by modulating aquaporins via the PKA pathwayInternational Journal of CardiologyVol. 167Issue 6PreviewMyocardial edema plays a role in myocardial no-reflow and infarction during ischemia and reperfusion. The effects of statins against no-reflow and infarction may relate to the inhibition of myocardial edema. The current study investigated the role of protein kinase A (PKA) in statin-reduced myocardial edema in reperfused swine hearts. Full-Text PDF