超级电容器
材料科学
电容
弯曲
储能
复合材料
纳米技术
功率密度
灵活性(工程)
准固态
基质(化学分析)
微观结构
电极
电解质
功率(物理)
物理
物理化学
统计
化学
量子力学
色素敏化染料
数学
作者
Yusen Zhao,Yousif Alsaid,Bowen Yao,Yucheng Zhang,Bozhen Zhang,Neel Bhuskute,Shuwang Wu,Ximin He
标识
DOI:10.1002/adfm.201909133
摘要
Abstract Oriented microstructures are widely found in various biological systems for multiple functions. Such anisotropic structures provide low tortuosity and sufficient surface area, desirable for the design of high‐performance energy storage devices. Despite significant efforts to develop supercapacitors with aligned morphology, challenges remain due to the predefined pore sizes, limited mechanical flexibility, and low mass loading. Herein, a wood‐inspired flexible all‐solid‐state hydrogel supercapacitor is demonstrated by morphologically tuning the aligned hydrogel matrix toward high electrode‐materials loading and high areal capacitance. The highly aligned matrix exhibits broad morphological tunability (47–12 µm), mechanical flexibility (0°–180° bending), and uniform polypyrrole loading up to 7 mm thick matrix. After being assembled into a solid‐state supercapacitor, the areal capacitance reaches 831 mF cm −2 for the 12 µm matrix, which is 259% times of the 47 µm matrix and 403% times of nonaligned matrix. The supercapacitor also exhibits a high energy density of 73.8 µWh cm −2 , power density of 4960 µW cm −2 , capacitance retention of 86.5% after 1000 cycles, and bending stability of 95% after 5000 cycles. The principle to structurally design the oriented matrices for high electrode material loading opens up the possibility for advanced energy storage applications.
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