2型糖尿病
内分泌学
激素
肽YY
葡萄糖稳态
肠道菌群
内科学
生物
发病机制
生长素
分泌物
营养感应
糖尿病
肠-脑轴
平衡
胰岛素抵抗
神经肽Y受体
医学
免疫学
细胞生物学
神经肽
受体
信号转导
作者
Giovanna Muscogiuri,Giancarlo Balercia,Luigi Barrea,Angelo Cignarelli,Francesco Giorgino,Jens J. Holst,Daniela Laudisio,Francesco Orio,Giacomo Tirabassi,Annamaria Colao
标识
DOI:10.1080/10408398.2016.1252712
摘要
The gut regulates glucose and energy homeostasis; thus, the presence of ingested nutrients into the gut activates sensing mechanisms that affect both glucose homeostasis and regulate food intake. Increasing evidence suggest that gut may also play a key role in the pathogenesis of type 2 diabetes which may be related to both the intestinal microbiological profile and patterns of gut hormones secretion. Intestinal microbiota includes trillions of microorganisms but its composition and function may be adversely affected in type 2 diabetes. The intestinal microbiota may be responsible of the secretion of molecules that may impair insulin secretion/action. At the same time, intestinal milieu regulates the secretion of hormones such as GLP-1, GIP, ghrelin, gastrin, somatostatin, CCK, serotonin, peptide YY, GLP-2, all of which importantly influence metabolism in general and in particular glucose metabolism. Thus, the aim of this paper is to review the current evidence on the role of the gut in the pathogenesis of type 2 diabetes, taking into account both hormonal and microbiological aspects.
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