Although β cell dysfunction is a well-appreciated contributor to type 2 diabetes (T2D) pathophysiology, determinants of β cell function are incompletely understood. For instance, disrupted islet architecture is associated with T2D progression in humans and rodent models, but the identity of the molecular elements that govern islet architecture remain mostly unknown. Nevertheless, data suggest that the spatial arrangement of the different cell types that form the endocrine islets influences cell-to-cell communication and β cell function.